A-Infos (en) Aurora Obreira (Aurora worker) #22 - Child labor in Brazil: one of the many situations of omission of the State! (pt) [machine translation]

Not enough the poor conditions of life and work that most people face in our country, we 
have among other ailments, the result of state failure, a criminal and secular brand of 
forcing children who should be in daycare, in the classroom or in the comfort of home, 
involved in daily chores of work. Most often this is due to the need to help the family 
financially. Many of these families are usually poor people who have many children. ---- 
The concentration of wealth in a few hands and the poverty it causes, and the need to 
supplement the family income, constitute the most important and frequent factor, as 
evidenced by research conducted in Brazil and worldwide. In urban centers, we are faced 
with daily facts of reality. Children who instead of being in school are working in the 
streets and other places with sharp movement of people, often to support their parents.

They are loaded and underpaid jobs as sellers of coconuts, popsicles, candy and 
newspapers. There shoeshine and watchmen car.
In the rural history repeats itself, children with few years of life facing days in 
drudgery demeaning, dangerous and unhealthy, getting significant numbers without studying 
and committing their full physical, mental, cultural and social. According to the IBGE 
(Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), Minas Gerais is the state that has more 
children working as a maid as cheap labor. In Brazil more than three million children 
work, and most have never been to school. We had 8.7 million, between 4 and 17 years, in 
this situation in 1997 and (2012) were officially 3.69 million, these numbers are probably 
under-sized. "National Forum for the Prevention and Eradication do_Trabalho Child (FNPETI) 
released data on the occurrence of this problem in Brazil.
According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), 
analyzed by the Forum, between 2000 and 2010 there was a reduction of 13.44% in the rates 
of child labor in the age group between 10 and 17 years. However, says a document prepared 
by the Forum, "when analyzing the different age groups, there was an increase in the 
weakest group: child labor in the age group between 10 and 13 years increased again by 1.56%."
That is, in 2010 were 10,946 registered cases of child labor more than in 2000 (BRASILIA, 
June/2012 - ILO News). "_ Among children less than ten years, 375,000 families help with 
the work. The domestic work of children is one of the hardest forms of exploitation to be 
tackled. Families employers (exploitative) face domestic employment as a kind of social 
assistance. Almost 370,000 girls under the age of 16 years working with families.
Having a housekeeper, cook and nanny in this age group is as serious as an unlawful employ 
boys to harvest sisal in charcoal or cutting sugar cane. According to the Institute of 
Applied Economic Research (IPEA), these girls work on average 42 hours per week and earn 
up to 60% do_salário_mínimo. The light of their research Candido Alberto Gomes (1990) puts 
us that: "In terms of location in the occupational structure, children and adolescents 
tend to work large numbers of hours per week and realize low wages, few of providing 
pension coverage. In particular, there is evidence that adolescents and young people in 
general often work without a formal contract and suffer significant underemployment, ... 
"In the report: All Children in School in 2015 - Global Initiative for Children Out of 
School, released in August 2012 by the United Nations Fund for Children (UNICEF), there is 
a warning for the persistence do_trabalho_infantil among school children, which impairs 
the right to education of this population. According to this survey, 638 000 children 
between 5 and 14 years are in this situation, despite Brazilian law prohibiting work for 
children under 16 years.
The group represents 1.3% of the population in this age group, but the fund can not be 
disregarded because child labor is a significant cause'''' dropout. Even those who are 
regularly enrolled have poor school performance because of working in combination with 
studying. According to the aforementioned report (All Children in School in 2015 - Global 
Initiative for Children Out of School) 375 177 children between 6 and 10 years are out of 
school - which corresponds to 2.3% of the total this track age. Of these, 3,453 work 
(0.9%) and in this group, most are black (93%). The number of children aged 11 to 14 years 
who only work is about 20 times larger than the previous track: 68,289.
The report also shows that more than 40% of children aged 6 to 10 years, households with 
family income up to a quarter de_salário_mínimo, work. This percentage drops to 1.2% in 
the group of families with income above two minimum wages per person. Figures released in 
September 2012 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), 1996 to 
2006, the official rate of illiteracy in Brazil, including over ten years, fell from 13.7% 
to 9.6%, which was not enough to pull the country out of the penultimate place 
no_ranking_de literacy in South America Proportionately, the number of Brazilians who can 
not read and write is second only to Bolivia, where the illiteracy rate was 11.7% in 2005. 
Hardly able to insert these youths named in the formal labor market, being private, so any 
social protection, however pífia that is in the Brazilian case, having to survive on low 
incomes and uncertain outcome of demeaning jobs. The number of repeating students enrolled 
in secondary education reached 13.1% in 2011, the highest rate recorded in Brazil since 
1999. The rate includes both public when particular.
The data was released by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research (INEP) 
in May 2012. Despite the high rate the country 'fell' in the dropout rate. In 2007 the 
percentage of students who left the school in relation to the 2006 school year was 13.2 s. 
In 2011 the numbers were 9.6 compared to 2010. In particular we can infer that a 
relationship between the need for young people to work, with the consequent abandonment of 
their schooling, or in fact, conjugate are working and studying greatly affect their 
school performance, which keeps the high repetition rates.
The disastrous consequences of this policy are visible, the young man with little 
schooling or notoriously deficit is insurmountable difficulties for better pay in any job 
he can. His accidental involvement in tender, included here in the dispute tryout for the 
only public high schools, this usually doomed long before the competition unfairly 
prepared from the children of wealthy elites, who have time and material conditions to 
prepare.
Objectively million Brazilians are kept in a state of cheap labor, disqualified in terms 
of functional illiteracy or even illiteracy total, with it being heavily exploited and 
disenfranchised of minimum social rights. In the wake of this perverse logic found that 
children and adolescents should overcome for their livelihood and even the family, from an 
early age ruinous toil in jobs where the rule is overexploitation, denying them the most 
basic rights that is education formal. Although the repressed conservative discourse, now 
powered by alleged supporters of social inclusion, which is correct propale work and 
study, as do millions of Brazilians, which are necessarily subject to long working hours 
and the sequel mostly studying at night is correct to infer that their performance - 
recovery - at any level and school level is more limited with respect to which only they 
are given only study. On this track, in short, this perverse logic that legitimizes also 
for functions degrading no need for schooling, thus maintaining the unfortunate scale 
social force. We libertarians have a steep task to point this clumsy vilification to which 
they are subjected million children and adolescents in Brazil and follow every possible 
reporting this nefarious process of exploitation is child labor.
Caxias do Sul, January 1, 2013.
Written by: Pietro Anarchist
boletimoperario.yolasite.com
boletimoperario.blogspot.com
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