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(en) Peru - Lima - Hours of struggle: Interview with Libertarian Socialist Union by ALB a la USL (machine translation) (ca)
Date
Mon, 28 Dec 2009 20:45:00 +0200
Introductory note ALB-Continuing with the interviews we have been doing since this page to
various Latin American organizations, this time we present an interview with Libertarian
Socialist Union of Peru. This is a small libertarian communist organization with good
socio-political analysis on the country. We believe that the interview is of great value
to understand the events in that country and South America. ---- ALB .- First, to begin
the interview with some basic information, what is the USL? ---- USL .- The Libertarian
Socialist Union (USL) is a libertarian-leaning political organization in Peru. Born in the
process of ideological consolidation of what was Qhispikay Llaqta anarchist grouping and
Black Star Group.
As specific organic assume a critical and conscious revolutionary principles proposed by
the classics of anarchism and claimed the practice of libertarian revolutionaries were
able to give concrete answers in their specific contexts.
Similarly, we collect the rich experience of struggle of our people that just demands are
brewing as the economic model, social and political system. In that sense, we bet on the
construction and consolidation of a really popular choice and libertarian who understands
the social contradictions and fire the class struggle toward a classless society.
To that extent, we bet on the construction of program strategies of organization and
struggle that is reflected within our class. This in no way comes to reflect some kind of
"absolute truth that sets the path to the village, surrounded by a clear vision
authoritarian, but we propose our vision of radical change must be validated in the heat
itself emancipatory struggles.
That is, we seek viable positioning anarchist current processes confronting our peoples in
the political maturation lines quoted above and accompanying our walk with real positions
outside all dogmatism and / or sectarianism.
For propaganda and agitation of our demands, we have the freedom struggle newsletter and
our press officer, as a newspaper or magazine, is still under construction.
ALB .- What struggles focus their activities?
USL .- In principle we set out to radically rethink everything anarchism could result in a
context in which our country. Reflecting the rich experience of workers' struggle and
libertarian deployed in Peru between 1905-1930 and later which meant a certain resurgence
of anarchist element between the years of agrarian reform, we started our work in
analyzing social spaces conducive to the insertion the libertarian alternative.
That's why as USL, now focus our activities and our approach to the field and neighborhood
association mainly, taking as its point of view also the student sector.
Specifically, each of our members is inserted in the immediate area that touches face in
forging libertarian praxis. These actions are supported by previous analysis of each
sector or situation that documents written and published regularly.
We know that the spaces that we would get are many and our limitations as well, but we bet
for the development of programmatic points that work in phases of short, medium and long term.
Also, try not to neglect the aspect of propaganda and consolidation of anarchist thought.
In this sense, we help to create a film club and popular libertarian outreach and the
distribution of propaganda material among peers or events that we organize.
ALB .- How does anarchism with its traditional customs of the country? Is it an anarchism
of European origin or tradition stems from the local community?
USL .- We firmly believe in the validity of a revolutionary ideology is the ability to
answer that makes the situation and context where it develops itself.
In this regard, we strive to make our vision of anarchism and thus our practice, is
immersed in the daily customs of our environment and may lead to confusion among those who
constitute the exploited and become flesh in crowds.
Likewise, we argue that beyond the mere claim of ideological bodies, how important is the
construction of transformative politics that contribute to the process of liberation that
each nation undertakes. And we seek to rescue our environment interactions that denote a
similarity or affinity with what we propose as anarchists. For example, the communal form
of organization in the communities of the mountains and jungles of Peru, has a lot of
direct democracy and even questions head-on to the notion of private property, which is
why Western culture aims to wipe out those seeking and creating new ways of relating.
In this sense, the actions that we developed as libertarian should be consistent with the
common people of our country. Obviously, we dismiss any connection with nationalistic, but
we can not go back to our own idiosyncrasies and then impose a vision of others who do not
fit with our reality.
ALB .- It seems that your organization is related rather to other American continent. Is
this a formal relationship, or are point contacts? What countries and organizations have
more sex?
USL .- As mentioned in the previous question, we bet for the construction and development
of alternative libertarian starting from our immediate realities and responding to the
particularities of each people.
For this reason, we have close and relationships (some formal, narrow or spot and
coordination) libertarian organizations or groups in our region. Giving priority to
relations and coordinate with partners in Latin America, since we share many common
features such as resistance to imperialism and the neoliberal economic model, defense for
self-determination of indigenous communities, anti labor and anti-union, criminalization
of protest, political persecution or right populist governments, etc..
Among the libertarian organizations or initiatives with which we can cite more related to
Libertarian Strategy (Chile), Red People Libertarian Matthew Kramer (Colombia), Anarchist
Federation of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Convergence and Collective Anarchist Agitation
Specific Libertarian (Chile ), Convergence Youth Clasista "Hijos del Pueblo" (Ecuador),
and with the Uruguayan Anarchist Federation (Uruguay), Libertarian Students Front (Chile),
Revolutionary Anarchist Organization for Social (Bolivia), Red & Black newspaper (Uruguay)
, Man and Society Magazine (Chile), Gaucha Anarchist Federation (Brazil), for which we
signed statements in solidarity with the repression of which are victims in their country,
Libertarian Socialist Organization (Argentina), now defunct.
But we also have relationships, neighborhood, contact or coordination with organizations
around the world as NEFAC (USA-Canada), FDCA (Italy), Alternative Libertaire (France), OCL
(France), ZACF (South Africa), International Anarchist (France-Belgium) and a good
relationship with sections of CNT and CGT union. In general, with many other groups
concerned with the work being done in our country. We take this question to thank all the
organizations, collectives, groups, newspapers, community centers, federations, unions,
etc.. Which wing of the differences more so as to anarchism, in solidarity with our call
to defend life and culture of the Amazonian people against the aggression of the Peruvian
state in the wake of the events of the slaughter in Bagua (Peruvian jungle) on 5 June this
year.
ALB .- What other anarchist groups there in Peru? "The movement has grown in recent times?
Can you talk about libertarian movement in Peru?
USL .- The issue of whether or not there is in Peru, a libertarian movement as such,
remains controversial in our country Some say yes and another no. Against that, we say
that the priority is the insertion of the anarchist proposal in the spaces of popular
struggle. This, in our sole discretion, may be given to the consolidation of an
organizational specific policy to guide the work of liberation. That is why we founded the
USL.
Now, on anarchist groups in Peru in general, then we can start by saying with great joy
that there is a section of the USL in Huancayo (central highlands of the country), which
likewise comes from the consolidation of other previous and the date and is in its infancy
with total autonomy and federated with the section of Lima.
In this city there is the Social Studies Center "Manuel Gonzalez Prada," who edited the
magazine Utopias and Realities and works closely with the USL-Huancayo in outreach and
social proposals and in the UNCP libertarian (main state university in that city ).
In the city of Cusco is known about the movement of Qespikay publication, edited by the
collective of the same name, and the proliferation of groups interested in anarchist
propaganda through cultural and countercultural spaces. In the city of Arequipa, the group
remains active, love and hatred, who seek to keep alive the idea of freedom in public and
university in your area. Also, be aware of the still small but notable work of colleagues
in Ica, Tacna, Puno, Trujillo, Huanuco, Ayacucho, Loreto, etc.
For Lima, the capital city, the picture appears to be slow in growth of libertarian
groups. However we can mention the constant activity of the companions of the Cine-club
Libertarian "Fernando Fernan, who now, for lack of local (with which it had been closed)
have continued to organize and now are considering forming a wider group of propaganda
through the popular art of our own country to advance in basic social spaces.
We also mentioned the recent formation of the Anarchist Group of Social Studies at the
University San Marcos, who despite his recent training helped the co-organization of an
activity at the university to the arrival of a co-CNT.
Similarly, we mention the circulation of newspapers Humanity and Disobedience of regular
appearance and the publication of zines or publications craft in different parts of the city.
Overall, the anarchy in our country is at an embryonic stage, although that has not made
it out of entrapment to which he was confined by its own errors and adverse circumstances.
It is therefore not enjoy a real libertarian culture that encourages discussion among the
sectors identified or likely to cause some kind of visibility as a "movement".
ALB .- Let's turn to other issues. Ecuador last month killed several Indians. A few months
ago was the same in Bagua. What's happening in the Amazon?
USL .- Just what happens in the Amazon is genocide unfolding of NAFTA, signed and abided
by the governments of Ecuador and Peru. Thus, both the Peruvian government as the
Ecuadorian government, in compliance with the agreements signed by previous
administrations of the State lackey of imperialism, has implemented rules that violate the
rights of indigenous communities, living and organized on the territory and habitat they
occupy, specifically the control of resources like water and maintaining the balance of
its ecosystem. After that, there are the interests of imperialism, which seeks to
penetrate the Amazon.
Faced with the indigenous protest in Ecuador, the response of the state as a whole, not
just the executive but the legislature has been: to be deaf and not respond to requests
from the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE), in this case such
turn as it did in Peru, the Interethnic Development Association of the Peruvian Rainforest
(AIDESEP), to repeal the regulations detrimental to the interests of communities. Faced
with indifference and mockery of the state, people's patience is over.
In Peru, prior to the "slaughter of Bagua" (5 June 2009), there was a long work stoppage
Amazon "since April. In the case of Ecuador, indigenous unemployment erupted on Sept. 26,
with the same ingredients of combat: road blockades and mass mobilizations. On September
30 murders occurred.
As in the case of Peru, the Ecuadorian government said blaming the Indians themselves have
performed pellet shot that killed their comrades. Although in our case, we could verify
that the indigenous Peruvians never fired a shot in Bagua. But neither the government,
Congress or the press-government addicted to the regime have been rectified in his
accusations. The lie is necessary to make way for impunity.
With this slaughter, as the Peruvian government, led by Alan García Pérez genocidal, the
Ecuadorian State, administered by the economist Rafael Correa, has blood stained hands.
This shows that the current line that divides those who choose the path of "Socialism of
the XXI Century" of those who insist on direct command of U.S. imperialism, to implement
neoliberal policies differ only in their hegemonic international disputes.
Is a time of increased national facistización of the State and this is expressed in its
labor and economic policy. Organized workers in Ecuador have declared the labor policy of
"Government of the Citizen Revolution" as an enemy of the workers. Therefore, the USL
expresses its rejection of the Correa government, and believe it is a "taste of what
awaits the people of the orbit of socialism advocated by the Bolivarian Chavez regime
within its outlook for the region.
This formal declaration of war against peasant and indigenous communities in both Peru and
Ecuador should be answered simply with mass armed self-defense. The history of the
relations of the state to rural and indigenous communities has been a systematic plunder,
to reduce them into a kind of ghetto, of which he now seeks to shed, to deliver a vampiric
greed "civilization".
We believe, as advocated by the great anarchist Peruvian Manuel González Prada, the
peasant and indigenous, which we actually share a Latin American popular imagination and
historical aspirations of social justice and collectivism, should be organized to recover
and defend themselves. The Indian problem is a social and economic problem that has
resulted in a revolutionary political resolution.
Already for centuries have been preaching patience to our oppressed communities. Tables
dialog and massacres have been the responses of the state while deprive Indians of their
lands our lives and dignity.
González Prada wrote in 1904, an article that was later published in his book "Hours of
Struggle", with brilliant clarity and amazing today, "the condition of the Indian can be
improved in two ways: either the heart of the oppressors grieves at the end recognize the
right of the oppressed, or the spirit of the oppressed acquires sufficient virility to
chasten the oppressors. If successfully exploited in the Indian rifles and capsules all
the money wasted on alcohol and parties, whether in a corner of his hut or in the hole of
a rock hiding a weapon, change of status, would respect their property and lives. To
answer violence with violence, punishing the employer who takes away the wool, the soldier
who recruit on behalf of the government, montonero who steals cattle and beasts of burden. "
Currently, the state and governments, whether right or left, act as "auctioneers"
(auctioneers) in the territories of native communities, which are simply places where they
live and survive these, outside the Western concept of "` property private - in favor of
their imperialist masters.
The auction of the lands of indigenous communities is a fact, there are already formal
agreements between the state and corporations, where they were awarded "lots" that
correspond to the provinces and entire regions of the country. States will use the
delaying tactic to placate the long and strengthen the power of capital and imperialism.
Understanding this, communities must give battle front and determined, organizing for the
struggle.
It is time for the leaders and beyond the margins of bourgeois democracy or the bases
exceed them. It's very difficult because it is already in question the very existence of
communities. We believe that imperialism is merely seeking to exterminate them. Therefore,
we say that what is happening in Ecuador and Peru, and generally in other Latin American
countries, with the offensive against the indigenous communities of the State, is the
implementation of the genocide of the "TLC". It is an official declaration of war.
For this, the States and Imperialism will use all forms, and even the exercise of ordinary
and bloody massacres, to intimidate protesters. If indigenous communities do not implement
mass organized self-defense, will face his destiny marked by big business: The extermination.
The proletariat must make common cause with the peasantry and the organizations that
oppose environmental pollution, as those who have suffered the effects of contamination
from mining and other extractive activities, mainly at the hands of imperialist MNCs. We
believe in active solidarity to break the imperialist plan. Therefore needed grassroots
and specific political-revolutionary organizations, which will match the demands of this
historic moment.
Given that international aggression is, we believe that the struggle and the organization
must have that same scale, and active solidarity from other sectors and classes, the
proletariat to the head with the struggle of native communities. In this we believe and
act from the USL.
ALB .- What is the current situation there after the summer?
USL .- For now, representatives of Amazonian communities attacked, specifically AIDESEP
have been limited to developing the dialogue table with representatives of the State.
After the slaughter of Bagua, there is great fear in the communities regarding the State's
response, but the fighting is latent. Social conflicts in Peru, have spread to other
areas, with the main stage of the interior provinces of the country. In Lima, the
situation is calm, even when some form of protest is called by organizations in struggle,
is in "deep Peru" where the militancy of the masses is more evident. Discontent with the
government policy is widespread.
In September this year, one's "Ombudsman" State agency to make up for the actions of this
behind a facade of concern for social peace and mediation in complaints of abuse of
citizens by government entities, has indicated that social conflicts are almost 231 active
and 57 dormant, taking an upward trend. According to these official reports, 132 are
social-environmental conflicts of origin (46%), 46 cases (16%) for claims against local
governments, and 32 cases (11%) for such labor protests.
After the "Baguazo" and the silence of the graves in the jungle, followed by a barrage of
strikes and miners' strikes and peasant regional, in the Andean region of Peru. The then
premier of "Baguazo" Yehude Simon - a former leftist ideologue-fold to fulfill the role of
firefighter of the riots to the State than before "intended" to destroy. Given that his
image was already worn and the prospect of an impending "censorship" and according to his
presidential aspirations for 2011, resigned, taking his place a member of the governing party.
ALB .- Has it spread any kind of resistance in other parts of the country?
USL .- The coca growers of the region of Huanuco (in areas of the Monzón Tingo Maria and
Aucayacu), are on indefinite strike. The current Prime Minister of Peru's Javier Velásquez
Quesquén, a congressman of the APRA party, the same as when he served as Speaker of
Parliament, in June, refused to talk more with Amazon on strike. It was just this
character that when he kicked the board, and state that the Indians were those who refused
to talk, left the way open for the slaughter of Bagua, which occurred just days later,
after a previous campaign of "demonization" of the protest .
Social protests are supported in poverty, neglect and exploitation of the oppressed
classes, unfortunately, we are entering in Peru already enter the year 2010, which is the
first election year since the 2011 general elections held since the bourgeois parties of
left and right, are moving their pieces on the political chess game, depending on their
interest groups or warlords. This will cause many of the protests to undermine opportunism
"radical" and then to capitulation and compromise.
For example, protests by coca growers led the National Federation of Agricultural coca in
Peru (Cenacop), whose main leader, Eduardo Ticer, however hinted his intention
presidential politics, which meant a serious blow to the strike movement by causing the
division of forces.
Moreover, recently AIDESEP itself and the Andean Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations,
IOTC, which gained notoriety and a certain "respect" for spearheading the protests during
the strike after the Amazon and the slaughter of Bagua, against seeking legislative
decrees give their lands and resources to the greed of transnational corporations, has
announced that the leader now in exile in Nicaragua, Alberto Pizango, will run for
president of Peru, fulfilling an order for the "Apus" and "the indigenous communities of
the Amazon and the Andes .
The political organization run for Pizango called "Multicountry Peru" and has begun
collecting signatures for the National Election Board. Thus we note that the popular
struggles will end next politicized around the interests of the parties, bourgeois
movements or to NGOs, seeking their slice of the cake from the State.
The people also stand in defense of their right to manage its own destiny. Although even
this is struggle for rights, we must support and promote them, because they are necessary
because they involve a brake on state interventionism and big business that overwhelms the
few freedoms for oppressed peoples, who are seeking further impoverish. Thus, the
hinterland communities and peoples who are victims of environmental pollution from the
large corporations that are only interested in plundering the resources and destroy
everything, develop actions where the fighting is evident.
A sample of what feared by the State and big capital to struggling people, organized or
not, is the demonization campaign that always accompanies these protests. The press in
Peru is almost, 99%, tied to big business or political interests, and are the big filter
that prevents forge a true public opinion and awareness in the average Peruvian, the
reality of his country. A final act of protest strongly against the sale and delivery in
car ports to foreign capital, which has starred in the town of Paita, but even the
discovery of a new business that involves the government Alan with Chilean-Brazilian
capitalist interests.
This shows a complete lack of real opposition movements and parties of state power. The
collusion of the left with the power-because his eagerness to participate and continue
living or not as popular revolutionary organizations but as bourgeois party is
participating in elections, is of such magnitude that even the once-revolutionary
organizations had taken up arms, as were Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) and
Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), is now also ready to participate in the
electoral circus, through its front organizations.
Morally, we believe this means the breakup of the revolutionary left. Now we can say that
there are political organizations Marxist revolutionary in Peru. From the USL are starting
the construction of libertarian class movement, as an embodiment of a front oppressed
sectors that drive the development of social revolution in Peru.
ALB .- In what is affecting the global economic crisis in Peru?
USL .- This so-called global economic crisis, we believe it is a crisis that focuses only
on economic or financial aspect: It is a general crisis of imperialism, which has its
counterpart in the whole society as a whole, but is still far from hurting Death to
Capitalism. It is a rearrangement of hegemony at the level of the capitalist powers.
As pointed out by several reports, the financial crisis has exacerbated the global
economic recession, which directly affects our main exports. Between January and May 2009
these fell by 30% over the same period last year, from $ 13.400 to 9.200 million. Hardest
hit were the mining and textile exports. The latter in terms of exports fell to $ 134
million between January and May 2009 (between January and May 2008 were $ 161 million).
This crisis serves as a pretext in our country to a policy of indiscriminate layoffs,
mainly in sectors such as Textiles (80 thousand dismissed) and Mining (About 6 thousand
fired), which has resulted in related industries that are affected too.
When the capitalists want to lower their production costs or increase profits is always at
the expense of hunger and misery of the working class, no wonder why labor policy, which
goes hand in hand with an array of standards from the previous government implemented of
Alejandro Toledo to present Alan García, who is enslaving the right to organize and
collective bargaining. The capitalists are laughing at this, the unions start to form the
attempt to dissolve firing their leaders and threatening to workers not to join.
As during the first onslaught of neoliberalism in the 90s', during the dictatorship of
Alberto Fujimori, are re-implementing so-called "collective layoffs, mainly in the private
sector, and gradually widens the same plan to the entities of public administration.
The trend in employment is therefore in the same precarious. Here the figures may be
misleading. The government uses macroeconomic indicators to cover up reality. While states
that employment growth in the country and poverty levels are declining, the truth is that
what grows is the underemployment-a working class degraded and lacking in social benefits,
as well your block to capitalist interests.
Moreover, this creates a mass of unstable workers, transiting from employment to
unemployment or underemployment constantly without horizon or form of organization to
protect them or give them the strength to resist the onslaught of big capital.
The other major sector of the working class, the unemployed and pensioners are also
suffering the onslaught of monopoly finance capital. The pensioners whose funds are
administered by the State suffer a terrible misery. Only a small segment of former senior
government officials belonging to the "Cedula Viva", ie State pensioners who were entitled
to the capping of their pensions based on adjustments in the salaries of their
counterparts of the same activities that they performed prior to termination, are the only
ones with decent pensions and ostentatious. In addition, pension funds are used
indiscriminately by all governments as "petty cash", even if it means cutting benefits of
the law or simply default, which means the state has many international trials in American
Court Human Rights, which has lost, but even then not fully compliant with pay those
penalties.
On the side of the private pension system, under the pretext of "international financial
crisis," Private Administrators of Pension Funds (AFP), private entities created in Peru
during the Fujimorato, to administer the contributions of workers and employees insured in
the private pension system, have reduced the amounts of individual capitalization accounts
of contributors. That is, have preferred to admit that because of speculation in the
capital of participants in offshore accounts and actions that have collapsed as a result
of the "global financial crisis" has produced the "reduction" of funds pension of Peruvian
workers and employees in dramatic levels of which have not recovered, ie, the money
contributed and the interest it had generated its administration supposedly has been lost,
reducing the accounts that are backed by the retirement of the nearly 4 million members
who own these institutions.
However, it has been leaked to the press, though very few media have widely reported that
in reality this is merely a ploy by the AFP, which are those that have been enriched much
more so on the pretext of the financial crisis suck at the expense of its affiliated
funds, which vampires.
According to official statistics from the Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP, to
October 2007 the AFP funds totaled 63 billion 447 nuevos soles. In October 2008 came to 46
thousand 600 million soles. This means that in a full year and gestation of the financial
crisis, the AFP had "lost" 16 thousand 847 million soles (S /. 26.5%) invested in
international stock market collapse and growing national . With that money the members had
for retirement.
In spite of this, from September 2006 to September 2008, the AFP took profits from
commissions and 1.248 million 995 thousand nuevos soles.
Incredibly, in Peru, the international financial crisis has only served as a pretext for
further against all odds the neoliberal model. Financial sectors have made exemptions to
the general sales tax (VAT), have raised various taxes by lowering barriers to mining, for
example, which has generated logically that state revenues for such items and thus reduce
the decline in GDP will be a constant, showing the slowing economy.
When now becoming visible social demands because until recently it was said that the
Peruvian economy was growing and had enough money for all private and prospered in
profits, this was not correlated to an improvement in salaries and benefits labor and
social worker. Now he says he has stopped growing, say there is nothing to complain.
That means only repeat the official version. Despite this discontent because the crisis of
the Peruvian daily lives, eventually erupt into conflict. But these outbursts are isolated
from each other, and even fail to materialize in a true "prairie fire". The active
solidarity has been claimed in some quarters, but not practiced. Here come into play
political opportunists, who will eventually dilute the electoral struggle in a slogan. The
same old story.
Our stock market depends largely (60%) of mining stocks and therefore the prices of
mineral prices, which fell during the financial crisis dramatically-for example, copper,
zinc, silver and lead, mean 32% of our exports, and only gold was up by 19%.
According to most reliable data on economic and financial matters at our disposal, Peru,
in July last year, ie in full gestation of the financial crisis, reported a market
capitalization of U.S. $ 108,000 million. This meant that the market capitalization
reached U.S. $ 58.000 billion, was lost to 54% of its value, something not seen even in
global equity markets or the U.S.
Furthermore, the zero growth in gross domestic product, made in 85% by indicators such as
private investment and private consumption, it is "explain" the mismanagement of the
State, for which is shown as the argument that investment public has seen an increase of
up to 30% from January to September 2009 compared to same period in 2008.
According to figures from the 2010-2012 Multi-Annual Macroeconomic Framework of the MEF,
in 2009 private investment will fall from 22.4 to 19.8% of GDP, equivalent to 10,000
million soles. That, at the height of the implementation of neoliberal policies, NAFTA,
APEC, etc.. And so it is announcing that the only solution to the internal crisis is
continuing to promote foreign private investment.
The mafia that governs us only strives to keep us in ignorance and continue to thrive. The
opposition forces really can not, therefore, waste time and drag the people's struggles in
terms of the agenda that the economic and political power dictates of imperialism. That's
what I do now try to enter Peru at a phase of electioneering. New hopes and dreams of
opium for the political class, more deception and farce to cajole the people. That we must
face the libertarians, though it costs us to be a lone voice in the wilderness.
ALB .- What can we say about the recent national strike?
USL .- The recent national strike on Sept. 30 was called and followed by clerical workers
overwhelmingly sectors Education, Health, Municipalities, INPE, and others, in protest
against the undercover layoff policy are now beginning to deploy Public Administration,
which they perceive as a claim of the APRA government to continue to top the various state
bodies for their members and "buddies". Therefore, workers and employees, mainly technical
and administrative level, with higher and 5 to 10 years of work in public administration,
require the contrary, the government complies with the law and proceed to the appointment
of whom they corresponds to spend several years as a contract and stripped of their social
benefits, to the formalization and go to schedules of workers called "services" of the
scheme or similar Non-Personal Services, which are also deprived of their social rights,
labor and human.
Also, have risen up in arms about the low and unequal pay and pensions they receive, and
from one sector to another does not show any equity, because those sectors dominated
government's friends have privileges. In this regard require the repeal of legislative
decrees 1023, 1024, 1025, 1026 and 1057 issued by the government that initiate mass
layoffs disguised by "assessments" rigged and corruption of the "friends" of the APRA
government, they see as their source of jobs in public administration.
There are also other outstanding issues relating to state workers, which as libertarians
support, such as the claim against all the decrees promulgated by the regime harmful APRA
that deepen strategy Criminalization of Social Protest, and those that infringe on the
free unionization and respect for labor rights, primarily the right to strike, without
coercion or threats.
As USL completed during the protest as a task of agitation and propaganda, aunándonos to
these claims, but to promote our proposal.
Although, these groups of workers belonging to the state, the structure of domination that
as anarchists we know is organized oppression, institutionalized governing society, which
we destroy, we are aware that in a libertarian society these productive sectors and public
services will be treated as social self-government, so we must also reach these oppressed
sectors with our propaganda and specific proposals.
In general, they pointed to fellow state employees that their situation and their claims
should not be an island within the social struggles of the oppressed classes: State
workers must make common cause with the just claims of indigenous, peasant, the
proletariat, students, farmers in general, because we are all suffering the brunt of the
implementation of Free Trade Agreements harmful (FTAs) with the deepening of neoliberalism
is auctioning the entire country, depriving the people of human rights, wages, pensions
and even their own land and natural resources.
As noted in our Newsletter "freedom struggle", released and well received during
mobilization to the Congress, which developed during the Stop harassing September 30: "In
exercise of the active solidarity of class, we raise from our Anarchist and revolutionary
view that the only solution to all this state of affairs is to promote and develop the
popular protest in terms of a social revolution, which means changing a dictatorship on
the other, or an oppressive state with makeup on the other "socialist, nationalist ,
leftist, indigenous "or whatever.
ALB .- Are you preparing new demonstrations?
USL .- At the time we respond, we are expecting that to start a new miners' strike, called
by the National Federation of Mining Metallurgy and Steel Workers of Peru, which was
convened after the 66th National Assembly of Delegates. This would protest the new measure
could be broader, materialize.
The mining sector in Peru is the gravitating of our economy. Sector companies, utilities
have always astronomical. However, implementing labor policy is one of the most ruthless.
Therefore, the mining union has always been one of the most combative, which has meant in
the past and present become one of the main targets of repression.
Among the main demands of the miners have to call his measure of strength are, first, the
enactment of the new Mining Act Retirement, which actually is the confirmation of a rule
adopted 20 years ago (Law 25009), which tore off the first government of Alan García
(1989), with the cost of the assassination of Secretary General of the Mining Federation,
Saul Cantoral, at the hands of APRA paramilitary commando "Rodrigo Franco". But never to
AFP'so State gave them the desire to implement these regulations in major benefits due them.
On the other hand, miners require the approval of the Profit Sharing Law, which
establishes a fair in his favor. Unfortunately these rules are not yet approved by
Congress. The retirement law was observed (rejected) by the Government and only depends on
the Congress. But the delaying tactics of APRA-alliance that dominates parliament,
fujimorismo prevent their occurrence.
These two are the main demands of the miners, who two years have been required. In
addition, there are currently pressing demands such as freedom of the main leaders of
United Workers Union of Metal Mining Co.. Minera Casapalca arbitrarily imprisoned.
There's also a breach of the Resolution N º 025-2009-GORE-ICA-DRTPE, Ministry of Labor,
which apparently solved the Collective Bargaining Labor Union Workers Shougang Hierro
Peru, and the transnational Chinese Shougang Hierro Peru SA, the now simply refuses to
comply. And so, President Alan García never lacks saliva to reiterate its admiration for
the Chinese model of "investment".
It should be noted that following a recent Paro for defending the jobs of miners in the
transnational Doe Run, there were incidents in which the National Police of Peru said
clashes with striking workers, resulted in a number of these wounded and a policeman dead,
apparently by a stone. Now, incredibly has been included in the investigation of the
homicide itself general secretary of the Mining Federation, Luis Castillo. To us thus
consists Castillo personally know that this guild has been one of the most dialogical and
always ready for a peaceful solution, even many times have suspended strikes imminent
before a new promise of resolving their claims. It is therefore quite reprehensible
attitude of the Peruvian police, at the request of the Government, no longer hesitate to
point out as authors and performers of all excess overflow and popular face of repression,
the leaders spearheading the call for protest action. With that same "logic" reactionary
martyrs were executed in Chicago. That much is evident to us what the world is going
backwards with this strategy of "criminalization of protest" that is implementing global
imperialism.
For this reason, it is "suspicious" and ill-intentioned central government's measure of
persecution against the workers' representative maximum Mining, Metallurgy and
Steelworkers of Peru, a move that not only confirms the government policy of
"criminalization of protests and persecution of union leaders, social and political
developments "and constitutes a direct affront against the working class and democracy.
This will accentuate the spirit totalitarian, undemocratic and dictatorial government of
President Alan García Pérez that undermines the rule of law.
ALB .- Are there militant unions in Peru? That is, unions that are not controlled by the
union bureaucracies. Do you work at USL with a union concrete?
USL .- Unfortunately, combativeness, as they always have the social base, the proletariat,
the worker, the oppressed, the exploited is a feature that is always present. The problem
is the call to channel such organization fighting on terms favorable to the pursuit of
claims that are required. That's where the paper highlights the trade union bureaucracies
loyal servants of big business and "fire" in the service of the State. His practice lame,
and even opportunistic informer, has accompanied these bureaucrats of trade unionism
throughout its entire existence.
This paper is regrettable, given that organized labor in Peru came about through the
action of the anarchists, and were the very first organizations aware of the Peruvian
proletariat, anarcho-type. The fierce repression by the state, and the infiltration of
Marxist socialism and the APRA gave the death blow to big union organizing class and
libertarian.
Currently, legal recognition for any union is compelled to join any trade union greater.
And the existing ones are not better or worse relative to each other: They are all
bureaucratic crust, and most important, the number of unions and workers have in their
bases are the General Confederation of Workers of Peru (CGTP), the central historical
association, founded by José Carlos Mariategui, the chief ideologue of Marxism in Peru,
and the other is the Confederation of Workers of Peru, controlled by the APRA party,
currently in power, and is known for its anti-militant and as the historical rival to the
CGTP, controlled central pro Peruvian Communist Party "Unity" Stalinist trend.
We know some nascent union, formed by young people who are questioning some attitudes
within these trade unions, but unfortunately, by the hierarchical structure and statutes
that are based on authoritarian principles, end up prisoners of subordination, directives,
etc.., of eternal union. We can talk in our country of a small clique that dominates union
for years and decades the leader in the Peruvian labor unions, which are affiliated to any
political party: In the case of the CGTP, hegemonies are vying for the PCP " Unity and the
Communist Party "Patria Roja", a renegade party of Maoism, and has always had an
opportunistic practice. In TCC there are no major disputes: the main leaders belong or are
related to APRA.
Given this scenario, since the Libertarian Socialist Union was formed in August last year,
we take as a commitment and responsibility to build the monumental task almost without
further reference to the historical legacy of our respectable syndicalists of the early
twentieth century, the libertarian organization proletariat. Our extraction has not
assumed proletarian anarchism as an ideology of the working class and in fact to develop
it as a social practice aimed at promoting the social revolution.
Our first analysis of the situation of the proletariat organized, and the role of trade
unions leads us to advocate a complete renovation of the practice of union struggle,
starting from their representative organizations. We do not deny the real and practical
fact that the tables be libertarians in the present, integrating some of these unions,
with all faults and defects, which are reversible or irreversible, because as proletarians
can not be removed from the social struggle of our class . Moreover, we encourage them,
and do the necessary work to sow the seeds of libertarian ideas and bloom again in the
heart of the working class. Conquests were demands of the Peruvian anarchists day of 8
hours, for example, anarchists were in Peru which led the early struggles of the people
tip keeps rising. After more than 80 years of silence, the echoes resound again the voices
of the libertarians of the past, on an entirely different picture, but where the real
struggle of the proletariat will led by anarchists.
We believe that the role of grassroots organizations, including unions, guilds, it is very
important, but so is the ideology and principles to guide its organizational structure and
its social political praxis. This is part of our mission statement, and therefore our
strategy and tactics libertarian.
In other words we are forging guilds and unions, so to speak, that is forged in the same
struggle as we're currently seeing and what we are engaged, even if it cost us what it
costs us. We libertarian historical optimism and faith in that work today-as individuals
we are embarking on existing thinking and operating at the present time, will be continued
by other militants. Therefore we say that we are all indispensable in collective terms,
but none is indispensable in individual terms.
ALB .- What Alan García support account? His government will survive the crisis?
USL .- The government of Alan García is based on economics, in the power of big business
internally and externally. Politically, the alliance with key political players of the
Peruvian right, particularly some "defectors" National Unity Party of Peru's traditional
right, led by Lourdes Flores, who was its presidential candidate in recent elections, but
whose ranks already in disarray, and many were huddled under the wing of the dove APRA.
Moreover, most ultra-liberal right, fuijimorista to rage, is its main ally in Congress and
the Judiciary, which control almost entirely.
It's a disgusting alliance of big capitalists, the politicians, the corrupt and genocidal
army guys. That is the social basis of the APRA government of Alan García, and the pillars
of his government. The policy is the only opposition Nationalist Party, Ollanta Humala,
and the Marxist left fragmented, already were planning to collectively as "alternative"
government. In the last presidential election, Alan García was elected after starring in a
runoff with Ollanta Humala, who won by a narrow margin. Therefore, Humala has spent most
of the government trying to encourage alana presidential vacancy, and infiltrate its
people into mass organizations and in their struggles. In reality what has been his party
has been infiltrated. Many of their congressmen are former activists of Left parties, and
are now advocates of the approach of Humala's Nationalist Party and the leftist political
organizations, which, as the majority control of people's organizations and trade unions,
trying to use Humala, to appear as the leader of popular struggles. But there is already
starting to clash with the classical divisions of the Peruvian Marxist, depending on the
personalities of leaders and leaders of the time. While everyone dreams of being the
"outsider" from the left. "If there was an outsider as Fujimori's right" ... think they
might have one left. A caudillo figure is expected to capitalize on popular discontent.
With that Marxists themselves are showing how far they are in practice, and in
revolutionary terms, its own ideology. Also show the fallacy of Marxism to maintain a firm
and consistent in defending the interests of the oppressed classes. This shows how little
regard they have in their own mass and the discernment of the class. Same, call their
droves to vote for Ollanta Humala, or Mario Huaman (eternal leader of the CGTP) or the
Father Arana, a progressive priest who has also launched his candidacy, supported by some
sections of the left, with his project called Land and Freedom. Even now go to carve in
the electoral Pizango Albert himself, the leader of fashion after the "Baguazo.
However, recent surveys of voting intentions of leading the daughter of former dictator
Alberto Fujimori, Keiko Fujimori, currently under his party Alliance for the Future,
grouting of former officials and politicians fujimorato. Behind her is Luis Castaneda, now
mayor of Lima and the main card of the traditional right to the presidency of 2011.
Probably, the absence of strong political opposition and a strong popular movement, the
current regime Alan arrived to complete his government and handed over the office to
another representative of the right that mean the same neoliberal continuity and
pro-imperialist. A bleak picture that we face with organization and struggle.
ALB .- What is the role of the United States in the Peruvian national policy?
USL .- The United States is a pervasive bourgeois politics in Peru. Makes the script to be
followed by Peruvian law and dictates the agenda of the "imperialist" by the Peruvian
left. That is, endows a political and economic power to safeguard the interests of the
empire within our borders, and the other manipulates and distracted by all possible decoys
to prevent translated into a revolutionary anti-capitalist class.
Something which underscored the regime of Alberto Fujimori, was how political power
actually works in countries like Peru, which is a colony in all respects except the formal
policy of the United States. The political dominance after the various governments who
could succeed him as head of state, depend on the economic base, namely the faction of the
bourgeoisie which hegemonic conduct of the business cycle. But in turn the great oppressor
class must have the approval of the Empire, through the kind of characters very well known
but very convenient, perhaps to be institutionalized and typed a presence across the
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and Yankee embassy.
The case of Vladimiro Montesinos was very enlightening: A CIA agent who through his
contacts at the highest levels of government and the Peruvian armed forces, it was up to
the ideal operator of the secret service of Uncle Sam, and then , driven by his
megalomania, finished unraveling the tangle that is corrupt and abhorrent the power behind
the throne.
No wonder then that all the threads of politics in our countries can decide a few yahoos
within four walls. The discovery of videos where Montesinos had recorded their acts of
corruption were categorical. These so-called "Vladivideos" were at that time a great
impact on Peruvian politics and triggered the collapse of Alberto Fujimori's corrupt
regime. Were it not for this strong evidence, all that could have transpired regarding the
workings of power during the fujimorato, had always been a myth, disqualified as an absurd
invention of radicals. But no. That happened in reality and we see it: How were bought
with wads of money or personal favors and even sex to politicians, businessmen, artists,
and every imaginable and unimaginable, paraded before our eyes.
Those who already then we participated actively in social and revolutionary struggles of
our people, we just confirmed our belief, but many Peruvians took away the blindfold. But
we reiterate that few have learned the lesson thoroughly. The big test is that a genocidal
Alan García Pérez, who from his first government came with bloodstained hands and dirty
money was elected to a second term.
Several "Vladivideos" that were revealed how Montesinos had constituted the most vulgar
style, in a typical CIA operative in a banana republic. In his sitting room of the SIN
(National Intelligence Service), had no qualms about recording on purpose all his
arrangements and machinations, perhaps even by personal vanity. For more than a decade ago
and defined the current scene Montesinos and spare parts, as when he remarked, in
conversation with the current regional president of Callao, and another politician with
presidential aspirations, Alex Kouri, then just a mere mayor, who Fujimori's reelection
was necessary and that he should come after a new government of Alan García and APRA, and
then himself, Kouri, should be prepared to assume this role. That video exists and has not
been widespread.
Even one of our members, as a journalist, accredited to the National Parliament just at
this juncture that were discovered and viewing the "Vladivideos" could see the material
and receive the transcript of the conversation. Better known was the "vladivideo spot of
Montesinos and Agustin Mantilla, a former interior minister of the first government of
Alan García, and by the time the conversation was recorded, Secretary General of the APRA
party. In this video, Montesinos gives him a large sum of money for APRA. Yet even the
APRA leaders supposedly pride themselves on having fought against the dictatorship of
Fujimori, which is a historical falsehood, that one day we will know the full extent.
But the point is the political power that moves everything in these satellite countries of
the great empire reach unsuspected levels, and their political operatives even come to
infiltrate opposition organization and the field itself popular. So every revolutionary
political organization must take these lessons with all responsibility.
Because it is said to be living in bourgeois democracy, that does not mean that the eyes
and ears of the empire and stop the reaction monitor any suspicious movement in the
popular field. Moreover, this teaches us that the oppressed sectors should develop its own
agenda of struggle, their own strategy and revolutionary tactics and organized class,
which should not in any way be conditioned by the vicissitudes of bourgeois politics,
which is but a reflection than the interests of big capital and empire wants us to believe
and think.
In this regard we take our politics libertarians, why not pay us or we will pay the
electoral circus is coming and that will only mean the replacement pattern as Head of
State. If the Marxist left or reformist, and own a few years ago "revolutionary", lend
themselves to this hoax, depending on the individual interests of their leaders, let them.
Would be the height that they accuse libertarians of "infantilism" for criticizing those
who have been swept up in that mud.
ALB .- We hear that the oligarchy is stationed in Loreto, is there likely to attempt
secession, as in other neighboring countries (the cases of Santa Cruz in Bolivia,
Guayaquil in Ecuador and Zulia in Venezuela)?
USL .- No doubt that secession is one of the strategies of imperialism against the advance
of a revolutionary process, or something that looks similar. It would be a new strategy
has been widely practiced, for example in the Balkans and the former USSR. We know there
is an International Confederation for Regional Freedom and Autonomy (CONFILAR), which has
been promoting that idea around Latin America.
Since there are not too long ago rumors Loreto secessionist intentions, but to make this
concrete should be capitalized or control a whole spirit widespread discontent of the
peoples of that region.
Particularly in Peru who have declared intentions over "secession" in their area, is
Regional President of Puno, who also is flirting with Hugo Chávez, have if I became
convinced Ollanta Humala leave and become her new "man strong "in Peru for the" Bolivarian
Alternative "of XXI Century Socialism." Secessions are manipulated by the right or the
left satellite of any type of imperialism, we are clear in our position: The proletariat
has no country borders or know, so everything that we inject revolutionary process in
countries where actions should be accompanied the corresponding coordination or alliance
with the revolutionary organizations of neighboring countries.
The revolution must be a liberating blast effective international implications.
Libertarian revolution breaks out in one country and so it goes like wildfire to expand
globally. Of course we also have to work according to it from now and we do so, as
anarchists. If not, we would not be revolutionary, the revolution would not be taking
seriously. Therefore, we support a truly international network to form a revolutionary
anarchist, which is the best way to prevent the imperialist strategy of secession or face
country against country. If you can not secession, akin to a country used to collide with
another and unleash a continental or even global war.
If we carry out a revolution we need to prevent all movements that will give the enemy
also is too obvious, if one analyzes the historical experience. I think that's why the
current administrator of the Venezuelan state, Hugo Chávez has launched this warning about
CONFILAR, because it would be an indirect intervention of imperialism in order to create
political divisions in countries like Bolivia and Ecuador, are in the same "wave" of
"Bolivarian Socialism," as Chávez calls. In Peru, as we show, is stronger the "bid" to
secede from Puno, for his maneuvers Regional President Hernan Fuentes. But the people of
Puno, the proletariat and the peasantry are not politically "retarded" like that of
Loreto, and to cajole or trick left by this type of maneuver of the economic power groups
or political leaders. For our part, we are reaffirming that despite attempts by
territorial division of the bourgeoisie, it is urgent to oppose the unity of those who
struggle with common platforms to achieve position control that a real fight against our
class enemies: the State and Capitalism .
ALB .- How strong is the opposition of "left"? Is it pro-Chavez, pro-Bolivarian? What do
the so-called ALBA houses "?
USL .- The opposition of the Left in our country is weak and fragmented. Fragmented into
many small groups and unable to call. This is due to several factors, under our opinion.
We being part of the political sector of intent revolutionary commitment to revolutionary
change from below in our country, also we have to review progress and setbacks of the
Peruvian left. We believe that in the past 20 years have intervened decisive factors as
the internal armed conflict which we live and sequelae in the political and popular,
generating a wave of indiscriminate violence that often led to the reaction were playing
their best cards for turn public opinion against any hint of protest or socialist
alternative. In general, balance the bottom line of the years of internal war has been bad
for the revolutionary sectors we have to face not only the power groups, but the
tremendous distrust and fear among the population when it comes to change, organization
and critical the government.
Then we, the dictatorial government of Alberto Fujimori, who dealt hard blows to social
activists and the working world with a tailor-made constitution and further deepened the
crisis in our country. During his government violated human rights slab and almost
eliminated the unions.
The left base in general, yet to recover from these processes, while the left does not
hesitate to vote-fold to as project "progressive" poke their noses into the national
political arena.
Until recent years, the vast majority of the Peruvian left was added to the car
"Bolivarian" and "Ollanta". We, and our press release (when we drew the newspaper
Qhispikay) denounced the opportunistic maneuvers of the institutional policy that aimed to
capture the social movements and to confront those who called the "critical support" to
Ollanta Humala, leader of the Nationalist Party. On these facts, we were calling us
childish or petty bourgeois, but then the time would give us the reason, then we went to
the letters, press releases, speeches by "rejection, opposition or boundary" with Chavez
or with Humala, by the same groups that auparon.
Currently much of the left vote-(PC and related) are raising the banner of "socialism of
the XXI century" and try to stay within the Houses of Alba, but then deny it in public.
However, we must say that some months ago in Peru, National Unity parliamentary groups and
research groups supported Fujimori to know the true function of these Houses. This measure
was pretext such research but actually sought was to scare the organized left and the
popular movement in general. Faced with this, we also reject the interference of right in
these political spaces.
ALB .- Following the rise to power of Evo Morales has changed somewhat between the
indigenous peoples of Peru?
USL .- Overall, no. As Evo Morales is Bolivia's president and his policies are more likely
implication in your country. Although he has maintained a position of open provocation to
President Alan García, trying to win sympathy among the masses. We believe that the role
of social change and unity in indigenous communities and respect for their culture and
their worldview through the communities themselves.
We continue to warn the brothers Aymara, Quechua or community that is to not let
themselves be overtaken by populist measures from above and looking at their own
experience and strength, a new and real alternative to solve their problems.
ALB .- Besides Bolivarian nationalist or options, is there any weight to the traditional
Marxist left? Still active Sendero Luminoso? "If so, what is its role today? Are there any
other armed group?
USL .- As already mentioned, the Marxist left is fragmented and weakened. Traditional
sectors still betting through elections in alliance with other new groups, as far as
possible within bourgeois legality.
Moreover, the PCP-SL, is not active as a party, yet still survive some guerillas in the
area called VRAE (Valley of the Apurimac and Ene Rivers) who in recent months have filled
the front pages of newspapers with significant attacks on the army and police.
It must be said that what was Sendero Luminoso is fragmented into two poles: the
"agreements" that follow the line of their historic leader Abimael Guzmán (a) "Gonzalo"
and calling for a national reconciliation agreement, political solution to the problems
resulting from internal war, political amnesty, and so on. That is, are the line you have
laid down their arms and seek a peaceful solution to the problem raised and legal, while
others are "pro-forward" to those unfamiliar with "Gonzalo" and called to follow the
"people's war" and that do not have any base of support, likewise are directly related to
drug trafficking in the area of the jungle.
The line agreements are embedded in different social spaces based, business organizations,
students, neighborhood, etc., and slogans from their perspectives and try to continue
fighting. Some are outstanding companions and others are simple opportunists. As in every
aspect of life in general.
The armed group that had relevance, was the MRTA, which is completely inoperative. Some of
his former militants have formed the Free Homeland Party that is backing the elections.
That is, in general issues, both armed groups have caved-at least in part
dirigenciales-postulates of armed struggle, for even the same Gonzalo in his latest book
"handwritten", specifically mentioning the possibility and feasibility of participation in
democratic elections, that is, bourgeois. Everything now they think the foundations of the
new road once posed by the "thought leader."
ALB .- What do you expect that lie in the future liberation struggle?
USL .- We well know that the 2010 (municipal elections) and 2011 (presidential elections)
are critical years for the revolutionaries and social activists, as well as the popular
field in general. As trends in voting intentions-manipulated or not is speculation that a
proposal would be right (and we have no clear proposal left the force) that would take
power. So far everything points to the Fujimori regime (with Kiek) win the presidential
election. If so, the situation would be exacerbated violence increased contradictions.
Against this, we libertarians must be prepared to address the situation before us is, but
we want that history passes over us, we must now create the conditions for ensuring a real
presence in the popular field and able to give battle to reactionary power from below and
organization.
ALB .- Thank you for the interview Would you say more?
USL .- Well thank you for this interview I hope you will not find it tedious or long and
the call to all libertarian comrades and revolutionaries in the world to organize and
fight to keep betting on the construction of a credible autonomous class and self-management.
We invite all colleagues to write us and come in contact with us to communicate and learn
from the realities of our peoples., We are very eager to learn from experiences elsewhere
and to share ours. It is time to overcome sectarianism and prejudice. It's time to destroy
the myths and abstractions that cling about anarchism and true tool to fight again. It is
time to turn to anarchism in popular expression according to each specific context. It's
time to open our eyes and see the attacks that seriously puts us capitalism and confront
it with determination and transparency.
Well, as we say good-bye or to end some text: Above the fighting!
Health colleagues and thank you very much.
Libertarian Socialist Union - Lima
Related Link: http://www.alasbarricadas.org/noticias/?q=node/12167
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